a®mÀ¡mSv ]Ån-ç¶v kz-tZ-in-bmWv Ipacw]¯qÀ ]pXnb
amfn-tb-¡Â koXn-t¡m-bX- -§Ä. 1921se ae-_mÀ kac-¯n\v hÅp-h-\m-«n t\Xr-
Xzw \ÂIn -bn-cp-¶Xv koXn -tIm-b X§Ä Bbn -cp-¶p. æacw]p¯qÀ koXnt¡mb
X§Ä P\n¨ XobXnbpw hÀjhpw hyàambn«dn¿nsænepw At±ls¯
shSnsh¨v sImÃqt¼mÄ 36 h¿Êmbnêì F¶v tcJs]Sp¯nbn«pv AXnsâ
ASnØm\¯n P\\w hÀjw 1885 Bbncn¡mw F¶ \nKa\¯nÂ
F¯ntNcmhp¶XmWv:
\ap¡v
Ben -apkvenbmÀ, hmcn-b³ Ip¶¯v Al-½Zv lmPn
F¶n-hÀ¡v t\Xr-]-c-amb ]¦v hln¡m³ At±-l-¯n\v km[n-¨p. X§-fpsS t\Xr-
Xzw a®mÀ¡mSv taJ-e-Ifn ae- -_mÀ kac-¯n\v hf-sc-b[nIw kzm- -[o\w sNep-
¯m³ km[n-¨p. C´-y³ kzm-X-{´-y-k-a-c-¯n [oc-ambn km¶n-[yw Adn-bn¨
sslt{Zmkn J_o-e-bnse Hc-Xp-Ãy \£-{X-am-bn-cp-¶p Ipacw]p¯qÀ koXn -t¡mb
X§Ä. JmZn-cn¿m X-z-co-J-¯nsâ ssiJv, kn²-ssh-Z-y³ F¶o \ne-Ifn- -seÃmw
At±lw hy-àn-ap{Z ]X-¸n-¨p. hÅp-h-\m-Snsâ ]e `mK-§-fnepw At\Iw inj-
y³amÀ X§Ä¡p-m-bn-cp-¶p. tPm¬l_v kmbn-¸nsâ h[w, Ip´n-¸p-g-bn-sebpw
s\Ãn-]p-g-bn-sebpw ]mew s]mfn-¡Â, cPn-kv{SÀ Hm^o-kv, t]meokv tÌj³ A{I-
aWw \S-¯n X§-fpsS t\Xr-¯-z-¯n hÅp-h-\m-«n Hcp {_n«ojv hncp²
hnImcw Bfn-I¯n- -¡m³ Iem-]-I-cn-IÄ¡v km[n-¨n-cp-¶p. koXn-tImb X§-fpsS
t\XrXzw `b¶ {_n«ojv ]«mfw Ipacw]¯q -cnepw ]Ån¡p¶nepw dq« v amÀ¨v \S-
¯n-bn-cp-¶p. ae-_mÀ Iem]w lnµp-apkvenw kwLÀjw Bhm-Xn-cn-¡m³ At±lw
t\Xr-]-c-amb ]¦v hln-¨p. hÅp-h-\m-«nse `c-Wm-[n-Imcn- -bm-bn kzbw-
{]mJym]n¨nêì ]pXnb amfn-tb-¡Â koXn-t¡mb X§Ä.
“Jnem-^¯v el-fbpw BenapÉnbmcpw ” F¶ Ncn{X {KÙ¯n sI.sI
apl-½Zv A_vZp Icow C{] -Imcw Fgp-Xp-¶p. “Xncq-c-§m-Sn-bnse Ben-apkvbmÀ
s]m¶m¶n Ppap-A¯v ]Ån-bn \S¶ Hcp NS-§n sh¨v ‘ Ben-cmP’ F¶
Øm\-t]À kzo-I-cn-¨p. Ipa-cw-]p-¯q-cnse koXn-tImb X§-fm-Is« ‘a®mÀ¡ms«
cmP’ F¶ t]cmWv kzo-I-cn-¨Xv”1.
1921 HmKÌ
v 22 \ v ]«m-f¯nsâ \o¡w XS- -bm³ thn koXn -t¡mb X§fpw
Iq«p-Imcpw tNÀ¶v hmÀ¯m-hn-\n-ab _豈 hntÑZn -¡p-I, ]mew s]mfn -¡pI
apX-emb {]hÀ¯-\-§-fn-em-bn-cp¶p {][m-\-ambpw GÀs¸-«n-cp-¶-Xv. CXnsâ `mK-am-
bmWv aÀ½-{]-[m-\-amb Xq¸-\mSv ]mew XIÀ¯-Xv. 1921 HmKÌv 24 \v sNÀ¸p-f-tÈcn
t]meokv tÌj³ A{I -an¨v koXn -tImb X§Ä Bbp -[-§Ä ssIh -i-s¸-Sp-¯n.
Cu kw`-h§- -fnseÃmw ]e lnµp-¡fpw X§-tfm-sSm¸w {]hÀ¯n-¨n-cp-¶p. X§fpw
500  ]cw am¸n-f-ssk-\n-Icpw Xp¸-\mSv ]me-¯nsâ ]Sn-ªm-sd-I-c-bn Xhm-f-a-Sn-
¨n-cn-¡p¶ hnhcw P\-d Hm^o-kÀ Iam-nwKv tae-[n-Im-cn-IÄ¡v dnt¸mÀ«v sNbvXp.
]«m
-f-¯nsâ \n¶pw Hgn-ªp-amdn Hfn-t¸mcv X{´amWv koXn-t¡mb X§Ä
{][m
-\-ambpw Ah-ew-_n-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. ]t£, KqÀJm ]«m -fhpw Nn³ INn³ ]«m -fhpw
HIvtSm-_-dn ae-_m-dn F¯nbtXmsS ]cn-X:ØnXn BsI amdn. ]«m-f-
1921
¯nsâ {Iqc {]hÀ¯n-IÄ¡v B¡w hÀ²n-¨p. hn¹h Iym-¼n hnS-hp-m-¡p-¶-
Xn-\mbn ka-cm-\p-Iq-en-I-fm-bn-cp¶ sslµ-hsc tXSn-]n-Sn¨v Ah-cn \n¶pw hn¹h
tk\-bpsS \o¡-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ cl-k-y-hn-hc- -§Ä tNmÀ¯n-sb-Sp-¡p-hm\pw el-f-
¡m-cpsS kt¦-X-§Ä Nqn-Im-Wn¨p sImSp-¡p-hm\pw \nÀ_-Ôn-¨p. sN{¼-tÈcn X§-
fpsS t\Xr-X-z¯n a®mÀ¡mSv sh¨v {_n«ojv ]«m-f-hp-ambn Gäp-ap-«n-b-t¸mÄ
AXnsâ D]-t\-Xr-Xzw koXn-t¡mb X§Ä¡m-bn-cp-¶p. Ipa-cw-]p-¯q-cn \S¶
Xpd¶ kwL-«\- -¯nsâ t\Xr-X-zhpw At±-l¯n\p- Xs¶. Cu bp²-¯n 500
 ]cw t]cmWv ac-W-a-S-ª-Xv. CXn-\p-tijw HIvtSm-_À 4 \v koXn-tImb X§fpw
A\p-N-c³amcpw Xncp-h-gmw-Ip-¶n-te¡v \o§n. c v A[n -Im-cn-I-sfbpw Hcp {_n«oj v
Nmc-s\bpw h[n-¨Xv ChnsS sh¨mbn-cp-¶p. XpSÀ¶v koXn-t¡mb X§Ä Xsâ
{_n«ojv tImf-\n-hm-gv¨-s¡-Xn-sc-bpÅ t]mc-«m-§-fp-ambn kss[-cyw apt¶-dn.
HIvtSm-_À 11 \v tImt«m-]m-S¯v ]«m-f-hp-ambn \S¶ Gäp-ap-«-en 30 Hmfw
hcp¶ ]«mf (KqÀJ-IÄ) ¡mcpw 50 Â ]cw X§ -fpsS am¸n-f]- -Sbpw arXn-b-S-ªp.
HIvtSm-_À 17 \v koXn-t¡mb X§fpw kwLhpw s]cn-´Âa® tdmUn-epÅ cv {]
[m\ ]me-§Ä a®mÀ¡mSv `mK¯v XIÀ¯p.
1
sI. sI apl½Z- v A_vZp Icow, Jnem^¯v elfbpw Ben- ap- Én- bmcpw - P.44
koXn-t¡mb X§-fpsS Jnem-^¯v {]hÀ¯-\-§sf¡pdn¨v
Znhm³ _l-ZqÀ Pn tKm]m -e³ \mbÀ(-dn-t«-tbUv sU]-yq«n Ie-IvSÀ, tImgn-t¡m-Sv,
ae-_mÀ) Xsâ {]kn-²-amb The Molplah Rebellion 1921, F¶ IrXn-bpsS
Khilafath Kings and Governors F¶ Bdmw A² -ym-b¯n koXn- -t¡mb X§-
fpsS Jnem-^¯v {]hÀ¯-\-§sf Ipdn¨v hnh-cn-¡p-¶Xv C{]-Im-c-am-Wv:Another
leader was Seethi Koya Thangal of Kumaranputhur who set himself up as the
Governor of a Khilafat principality. He issued fatwas warning his men against
looting and other depredation “Jnem-^¯v {]hÀ¯-\-¯nsâ asämcp t\Xm -hm-bn-
cp¶p Ipa-cw-]p-¯q-cnse koXn-t¡mb X§Ä. Jnem-^¯v cmP-y-¯nsâ KhÀ®-
dmbn At±lw kzbw Ah -tcm-[n-X-\m-bn. sImÅ, IhÀ¨ F¶nh sN¿p -¶-hÀs¡-
Xnsc At±lw ^Xvh ]pd-s¸-Sp-hn¨p”2.
{_n«ojv tImf\n hym -gm-¨-s¡-Xnsc t]mcm-Sp-¶Xv ]pW-y-am-sW¶pw
apkvenansâ _m[-y-X-bm-sW¶pw t\m«okv ASn-¨n-d¡n B [oc-tZ-im-`n-am\n P\-
§sf t_m[-h¡-cn-¨p. a®mÀ¡m-Sv, Ae\ÃqÀ, tImt«m-]m-Sw, Ipa-cw-]p-¯qÀ,
Xncp-h-gmw-Ip¶v XpS-§nb Øe-§-fn aq¶v amk-t¯mfw shÅ ]«m-fs¯ hnP-b-
I-c-ambn koXn-t¡mb X§Ä hnd-¸n-¨p.
Iem-]-¯nsâ A´-y-L-«¯n sN{¼- -tÈcn X§-fp-sSbpw hmcn-b³Ip-¶¯v
Ipª-l-½Zv lmPn-bp-sSbpw am¸n-f-tk-\-IÄ ASn-¡-Sn-¡Sn ]cm-Pbw Gäv hm§n-b-
t¸mÄ CXv koXn-t¡mb X§-fpsS iàn-tbbpw _m[n-¨p. 1921 \hw-_À Ah-km-\-
¯n koXn-tImb X§-fpsS ssk\-y-¯nse _lp-`q-cn-`m-Khpw Iog-S-§n. Cu thf-
bnepw KdnÃm apd-bn- X§Ä shÅ-]«m- -fs¯ t\cn-«p.
1921 \hw
-_À 21 \v
At±l¯nsâ am¸nf ssk\-yhpw
a®mÀ¡mSv ae-bn \n¶v Cd-§n-h-cp¶ ka-b¯v KqÀJ ]«mfw Ahsc hf -ªp.
FÃm ]gp-Xp-Ifpw AS¨ tij-am-bn-cp¶p {_n«o-jp-ImÀ X§-fpsS ssk\-ys¯ hf-
ª-Xv. Cu ]Ým-¯-e-¯n aäp t]mwh-gn-Isfm¶pw- CÃmsX h¶-t¸mÄ koXn-
tImb X§fpw am¸n-f-tk-\bpw shÅ]-«m-f-¯n\v ap¼n Iog-S-§n. F¶m Bap
2
G.Gopalan nair,The Moplah rebellion, 1921 P : 79
kq{]v X§-fpsS BØm\ ae-bn sh¨v At±-l-s¯bpw A\p-bm-bn-I-sfbpw
AdÌv sNbvX-Xm-sW¶ Hc-`n-{]m-b-hp-ap-v. AXà koXn -t¡mb X§Ä Bap kq{] --
nsâ A\p -Psâ ho«n -emWv Iog -S-§n-b-sX¶pw Nne -N-cn-{X-Im-c³amÀ tcJ -s¸-Sp-¯n-
bn-«p-v. F¶m Chm³knsâ t\m«n hy-à-am-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv koXn-t¡mb X§Ä
Iog-S§n F¶m-Wv. Iog-S-§nb koXn-t¡mb X§-sfbpw A\p-bm-bn-I-sfbpw ae-¸p-
d¯v tImÀ« v amÀj \S -¯n. “He (Seethi koya thangal) was captured : was
ordered to be shot by court material and was shot accordingly”
3
]nSn¡s¸« X§sf
shSn-sh¨v sImÃm³ amÀj tImSXn D¯ -c-hn-Sp-Ibpw AXv {]Imcw At±-ls¯
shSn-sh¨p sImÃp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
1922 P\p-hcn 9 \v ae-¸pdw tIm«-¡p-¶nsâ hSs¡ sNcn-hn sh¨mWv koXn-
t¡mb X§Ä, sN{¼ -tÈcn X§Ä, koXn -t¡mb X§fpsS hni -zkvX kl-Im-cn-
bmb Xmfn-bn D®o³Ip-«n, hmcn-b³ Ip¶¯v Ipª-l-½Zv lmPn XpS-§nb
Jnem-^¯v t\Xm-¡sf {_n«ojv Iem-]n-IÀ shSn-sh¨p sIm¶-Xv. shSn-sh-¨p
sIm¶ tijw koXn-t¡mb X§Ä AS-¡-apÅ hoc-]p-cp-j³am-cpsS PUw
{_n«ojv I]m-en-IÀ If-¸m-S³ Ben A[n -Im-cn-bpsS ta t\m« -¯n s]t{Sm-sfm-
gn¨v I¯n-¡p-I-bm-Wp-m-bX- v.
: 1921se ae_mÀ kact]mcm«¯nse AXpey t]mcmfnbmb æacw ]
p¯qÀ koXnt¡mb X§Ä Ben apÉnbmÀ, hmcnbw 涯v æªl½ZmPn
XpS§nbhsc t]mse kvacnt¡ hyvIXnXzamWvv. C´y³ kzX{´ykac¯nÂ
XtâXmb hyànXzw ASbmfs¸Sp¯nb æacw]p¯qÀ koXnt¡mb X§Ä¡v Hê
kvamcIw t]mepw CÃm F¶Xv hfsc ZpJIcamWv